THE IMPACT OF LARGE-SCALE PROJECT ON THE LOCAL COMMUNITY

Abstract

This study was on the impact of large scale project on the local community. Three objectives were raised which included; To find out the performance of large scale project in Okella Cement plant, To find out the characteristics of large scale project and to find out the effect of large scale project in Okella community. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from Okella Cement plant. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).

Chapter one

Introduction

1.1Background of the study

The announcement of large-scale projects within or around small and medium-sized communities is typically greeted with excitement from residents and local elites who are often fixated about the economic and image-enhancing prospects of those projects on their community. These expected benefits include, among others, new jobs to inhabitants, increased economic activities, tourism impacts, a broader tax base for local revenue, and enhancements to cultural amenities such as libraries and parks (Edwards, 2000). However, growing concerns about the implications of new developments on public services and infrastructure spending, as well as associated environmental costs (ibid), induced land use changes and resource conflicts, just to mention a few, are increasingly raising uncertainties about the capacity of small communities to handle the full-scale impacts of major developments (Vance, 2010) and thus the social and environmental viability of such projects. These and other concerns, such as the compatibility of project objectives and long-term community goals and cultural values, have generated the need for some technical assessment of the potential socio-economic and environmental impacts of particular interventions to be incorporated into the overall design, planning and appraisal of proposed projects in order to gain some insight about future consequences, and to the extent possible, put in appropriate measures to deal with the negative impacts they may have on affected communities. Consequently, socio-economic impact assessments have become an integral component of project planning and a formal requirement of many project approval processes.

Government projects and programs require a great deal of planning, coordination, and collaboration through established project management processes, strong team effort, and involvement of multiple stakeholders. These projects and programs can greatly contribute to the national growth and wealth. However, their management is, often times, challenging for government officials and project managers because project objectives are not clearly identified (Kwak et al.2014a, b), formal project management processes are not in place (Patanakul, 2014), and costs and benefits are difficult to justify and measure (Zwikael and Smyrk, 2012). Government projects also tend to have long durations, large budgets, multiple stakeholders, and a great deal of uncertainties that make them difficult to plan, implement, and manage effectively. Furthermore, governments worldwide are now under increasing pressure to meet public needs within more restricted budgets (Chih and Zwikael, 2015).

Facing these challenges, the application and performance of project management in government agencies has been historically poor as found in public records (GAO, 2010; NAO, 2000; ANAO 2007). Many government projects are extended for years, failing to meet their objectives, wasting taxpayers’ money, or area abruptly terminated in the midst of planning or implementation. Due to the fact that primary funding for government projects comes partially or entirely from constituents, government projects are often scrutinized and criticized by the general public, which exacerbates the image of government as a whole.

Statement of the problem

 Many studies have been conducted to investigate the performance of government projects, this study differs from others in various ways. First, it addresses a fundamental question of “what are the key characteristics of a large-scale government project that impact project performance?”Because project management approaches should be utilized contingently to the project characteristics (Shenhar and Dvir, 2007),a better understanding of these fundamental characteristics of government projects can benefit both researchers and practitioners to further refine project management approaches to improve project performance. Second, this study investigated the past performance and management challenges of large-scale government projects using official reports and public documents.

Objective of the study

The objectives of the study are;

1. To find out the performance of large scale project in Okella Cement plant
2. To find out the characteristics of large scale project
3. To find out the effect of large scale project in Okella community

Research Hypotheses

The following research hypotheses are formulated;

H0: there is no performance of large scale project in Okella Cement plant

H1: there is performance of large scale project in Okella Cement plant

H0: there is no effect of large scale project in Okella community

H2: there is effect of large scale project in Okella community

Significance of the study

The study will give a clear insight on the impact of large scale project on the local community. Using Okpella cement plant as a case study. The study will be beneficial to students, communities, government and the policy makers. The study will also serve as a reference to other researcher that will embark on the related topic

Scope and limitation of the study

The scope of the study covers the impact of large scale project on the local community. Using Okpella cement plant as a case study.

Limitations/constraints are inevitable in carrying out a research work of this nature. However, in the course of this research, the following constraints were encountered thus:

1. Non-availability of enough resources (finance): A work of this nature is very tasking financially, money had to be spent at various stages of the research such resources which may aid proper carrying out of the study were not adequately available.

Time factor: The time used in carrying out the research work is relatively not enough to bring the best information out of it. However, I hope that the little that is contained in this study will go a long way in solving many greater problems.

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