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ABSTRACT The concentrations of Ni, Mn, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cr, were determined in some pastas consumed in Nigeria, with a view to providing information on the dietary intakes of heavy metals and exposure of humans to toxic metals. The concentrations of these seven (7) elements were determined by atomic spectrometry after nitric acid/perchloric acid digestion. The concentrations of the metals (µg/g) in the locally manufactured pasta samples were ...

ABSTRACT Modification of coconut (Cocos nucicera L.) shell activated carbon with an Azo ligand: 1, 2– dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-(E)–(2,3,4-trihydrophenyl)-3H-pyrazol-3-one (DDPTP) and its potentials for the removal of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Ni2+ from polluted water samples were studied. It was activated chemically using CaCO3 as the activating agent. Proximate analysis on the coconut shell showed 8.7 % moisture content, 10.4 % volatile matter, 3.2 % ash content and 77.7 % fixed carbon. The ...

ABSTRACT The removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous model solution using zeolite has been investigated under different operational parameters like heavy metal ion concentration,  adsorbent  amount   and   particle  size.   The   zeolite   used   was synthesized and characterized using SEM and XRD analysis. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of  zeolite  used  for  lead  removal were  measured  and  the experimental  data  analyzed  by  means  of  Freundlich  and  Langmuir  isotherm models.  The  adsorption efficiency  of ...

ABSTRACT The potentials of Adansonia digitata root (ADRP) and stem powders (ADSP) and the stem activated carbon (ADSAC) for adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+ and Co2+ from aqueous solutions were investigated. The activated carbon was prepared via chemical activation using ZnCl2 as the activating agent. Physico-chemical analysis of the adsorbents (ADRP, ADSP and  ADSAC) showed the moisture contents (< 20 %), volatile matter (9.2 - 11.2 %), ash content showed ...

ABSTRACT Magnetically recoverable Pd/Fe3O4-catalyzed Hiyama cross-coupling reactions of 6-Bromo- 5H-benzophenothiazin-5-one, 6-Bromo-5H-naphthopyridooxazin-5-one and 11-Amino-6-bromo-9-thio-5H-naphthopyrimidooxazin-5-one (as intermediates) with 2-(Dimethylsilyl)pyridine and Dimethyl(2-thienyl)silanol were investigated. The intermediates were prepared by the reactions of 2-Aminothiophenol, 2- Aminopyridin-3-ol and 4,5-Diamino-6-hydroxylpyrimidin-2-thiol respectively with 2,3- Dibromonaphthalene-1,4-dione in the presence of anhydrous sodium carbonate using benzene/DMF as solvent. Sequel upon the successful syntheses of the intermediates, each was  subjected  to  the  Hiyama  reaction  with  2-(Dimethylsilyl)pyridine  and  Dimethyl(2- thienyl)silanol, refluxed ...

ABSTRACT The syntheses of benzothiazinophenothiazine derivatives from simple heterocyclic compounds as precursors is described. Condensation of 2-aminothiophenol with 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone in an alkaline medium furnished a good yield of the intermediate, 6-chloro-5H-benzophenothiazin-5- one.  Further  condensation  of  the   intermediate  with  2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine-5-thiol obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxy-5-thiacyanatopyrimidine gave the benzothiazinophenothiazine ring system. On the other hand, using a facile acid-catalyzed method, the synthesis of some benzothiazinophenothiazine ring systems were achieved with improved ...

ABSTRACT Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillin, cephalosporin, and the aztreonams. The aim of this present study is to phenotypically identify and establish the presence of ESBL-producing organism among students in the university community. Within the University community of Godfrey Okoye University, Enugu, early morning urine samples of midstream-catch were collected into sterile bottles from sixty (60) students between ages 18 and ...

ABSTRACT This project is carried out to know the effects of salt water on concrete. Salt water has salinity of about 3.5%. in that, about 78% is sodium chloride and 15% is chloride and sulphate of magnesium. The result gotten from the experiment being carried out shows different result from the mix design, casting, curing and crushing of different dates of each cubes. The compressive strength of each cube was ...

ABSTRACT Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) fruits are important commodity of economic value since the seeds or beans is used to produce high demand products such as cocoa powder, butter and chocolate. The processing of cocoa fruits generates a large amount of cocoa pod husk discard as wastes. Thus, the aim of this study was to obtain lignin from cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.). Infrared spectrum results showed peaks of ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study 1.1.1 CORROSION Corrosion is defined as a natural process, which converts refined metal to their more stable oxide. It is the gradual destruction or degradation of materials (usually metals) by chemical reaction with their environment which are most likely inevitable. Corrosion is a natural and costly process of destruction like earthquakes, tornados, floods and vocanic eruptions, with one major difference. Whereas we can ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0   GENERAL INTRODUCTION Energy is a fundamental pillar of modern society as well as being an essential building block for socio-economic development (UNIDO, 2007). The awareness of the imminent depletion of fossil fuels coupled with a global energy crisis has stimulated interest in the research for alternative energy source (Garba et al., 1996). The urgent need for alternative and cheaper energy supplies in Nigeria is increasingly apparent ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUNG OF STUDY 1.1.1 Phyllantus This is a genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It was first identified in Central and Southern India in 18th century. It is called carry me seed, stone-breaker, wind breaker, gulf leaf flower or gala of wind, (Bharatiya 1992). There are over 300 genera with over 5,000 species in the Euphorbiaceae world wide. The Phyllantus is one of the genus that falls ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUNG OF STUDY 1.1.1 Phyllantus This is a genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It was first identified in Central and Southern India in 18th century. It is called carry me seed, stone-breaker, wind breaker, gulf leaf flower or gala of wind, (Bharatiya 1992). There are over 300 genera with over 5,000 species in the Euphorbiaceae world wide. The Phyllantus is one of the genus that falls ...