NATURE OF ACCIDENT AND SAFETY PRACTICES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL LABORATORY IN EDUCATION

CHAPETR ONE

INTRODUCTION 

1.1        Background of the study

1.2        Statement of problem

1.3        Objective of the study

1.4        Research Hypotheses

1.5        Significance of the study

1.6        Scope and limitation of the study

1.7       Definition of terms

1.8       Organization of the study

CHAPETR TWO

2.0   LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPETR THREE

3.0        Research methodology

3.1    sources of data collection

3.3        Population of the study

3.4        Sampling and sampling distribution

3.5        Validation of research instrument

3.6        Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 Introductions

4.2 Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Summary

5.3 Conclusion

5.4 Recommendation

Appendix

 

Abstract

Science is a systematic enterprise which builds and organizes knowledge in a form of testable explanation and predictions about nature (Editorial Staff 2008).  Miriam Webster dictionary defined science as the knowledge about or study of the natural world based on facts learned through experiments and observation while According to business dictionary.com defined science as the body of knowledge comprising of measurable or variable facts acquired through application of the scientific method and generalized into scientific laws or principles. Practical is defined as an examination or lesson in which theories and procedures learned are applied to the actual making or doing of something (stock, 2009). Accident is defined as an undesirable or unfortunate happening that occurs unintentionally and usually results in harm, injury, damage, or loss; casualty; mishap (Modesty 2013). In teaching of Science the practical work is of great importance as it develops the confidence of doing something by one’s own self.

 

 

 

 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

School laboratory is an instructional facility where the teacher helps students and guides them through the practical aspect of scientific processes and skills for the solving of some specific problems. Laboratories are potentially dangerous work environments, often containing a wide variety of toxic, flammable, corrosive, or reactive compounds. Potentially infectious or pathogenic organisms are handled, and research often involves the use of radioactive isotopes. With the proper training, engineering controls, and administrative precautions, these risks can be effectively managed. However, accidents can and do happen. Although accidents resulting in serious injuries rarely occur in school science laboratories, schools should be on the alert at all times and take active measures to minimize the occurrence of laboratory accidents. Science curriculum requires a student to undergo practical experimentation in the laboratory with a pass of 40% of the total sore. To achieve this stated goal, the laboratory must adequately be equipped and safe to use. If laboratory hazards, signs and safety are not well taught before students are exposed to real laboratory work, they could make costly mistakes which could even claim lives. In many schools, both laboratory instructors and students are exposed to the danger of thermal and chemical burns arising from improper storage of equipment. Also many lives had been lost through carelessness and ignorance of laboratory hazards. Duyilemi in Owolabi referred to some people including many scientists of old who lost their lives or part of their bodies in scientific endeavours due to bad luck and carelessness in observing hazard signs. In the past, there were cases of external and internal poisons.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Accident is defined as an undesirable or unfortunate happening that occurs unintentionally and usually results in harm, injury, damage, or loss; casualty; mishap (Modesty 2013). In teaching of Science the practical work is of great importance as it develops the confidence of doing something by one’s own self. Practical work not only enhances the knowledge about a particular phenomenon but also explains the underlying ideas about it (Cooper &stock, 2009). Practical ‘shave an essential place in science, and safe practical practices are the most basic and fundamental parts of laboratory experiments. According to World Health Organization (2009) safety is the prevention of the adverse effects, both short- and long-term, to humans and the environment from the production, storage, transportation, use and disposal of chemicals. On this background the researcher wants to investigate nature of accident and safety practices in secondary school laboratory in education.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objectives of the study are;

1. To ascertain the nature of accident and safety practices in secondary school laboratory
2. To ascertain the causes of accident in secondary school laboratory
3. To ascertain the safety measurement taken in secondary school to prevent laboratory accident

1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;

H₀: the nature of accident and safety practices in secondary school laboratory is not appropriate

H₁: the nature of accident and safety practices in secondary school laboratory is appropriate

H₀²: there are no causes of accident in secondary school laboratory

H₂: there are causes of accident in secondary school laboratory

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will give clear insight on the nature of accident and safety practices in secondary school laboratory in education. The study will be beneficial to students, school management and the general public. The study will also serve as reference to other researcher that will embark on this topic

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study covers nature of accident and safety practices in secondary school laboratory in education. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;

1. a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
2. b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
3. c) Organizational privacy: Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

ACCIDENT: An unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and unintentionally, typically resulting in damage or injury.

SAFETY PRACTICE: Good safety practice (GSP) is those protocols dealing with safety. The term is often used in connection with occupational safety and health (OSH) and may vary between industries or sectors.

LABORATORY SAFETY: Chemical Hygiene Plan – The Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is a written program developed and implemented by the employer which sets forth procedures, equipment, personal protective equipment, and work practices that are capable of protecting employees from the health hazards presented by hazardous chemicals used

1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study

 

 

 

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