EFFECT OF NURSERY EDUCATION ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS

Abstract

This project work “the effects of nursery education on the academic performance of Primary school pupils” is aimed at highlighting the effects of nursery education on pupils. That is to say whether pupils who attended nursery school before primary run a better change of performing better than those who did not have the chance of attending nursery school in Enugu East.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPETR ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION 

1.1        Background of the study

1.2        Statement of problem

1.3        Objective of the study

1.4        Research Hypotheses

1.5        Significance of the study

1.6        Scope and limitation of the study

1.7       Definition of terms

1.8       Organization of the study

CHAPETR TWO

2.0   LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPETR THREE

3.0        Research methodology

3.1    sources of data collection

3.3        Population of the study

3.4        Sampling and sampling distribution

3.5        Validation of research instrument

3.6        Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 Introductions

4.2 Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Summary

5.3 Conclusion

5.4 Recommendation

Appendix

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

  The Over the years researchers have conducted experimental evaluations of several high-quality model programs to determine the effect of early child education. These programs were developed to improve children’s academic skills and cognitive development. Few studies have considered whether they also improve children’s skills and behavioural problem. But several long-term follow-up studies have found lower rates of juvenile delinquency and antisocial behaviour as measured by criminal activity. It is not yet clear whether the decline is as a result of the effect of pre-nursery education. Can early childhood care and education raise a child’s test scores and promote school readiness? The best estimates of the effect of early childhood care education come from random-assignment experimental studies. These compare children with early training and those without, bringing into consideration the important background characteristics. Random-assignment studies, however are rare. And researchers who conduct them typically evaluate high-quality programs that serve only a few children, often at a single site, making it hard to generalize findings to large scale. Many non-experimental studies consider the effect of more typical early childhood care and education on children’s school readiness by taking advantage of naturally occurring variations in child care arrangements. Effect, according to the Oxford Advance Learner’s dictionary is the change that something or somebody causes or makes to something or someone else. The effect of early life education to an extent determines the child’s academic performance. Performance is how well or bad one is able to do something work or carry out an assignment, duty or task given to him/her. Performance can be said to exist in many areas of our lives. For instance, in the circular world, ones entertainment life can be assessed and the performance graded. A player’s performance can be assessed and graded. A nation’s economic performance can be said to be depressed, good or bad depending on their level of achievements. The management technique of a company is graded based on its performance. Now, in academics, a child’s personality traits like: restlessness, sharing, bullying, alertness, withdraw, assertiveness or self confidence can be graded. A child’s physical and intellectual development can be assessed and graded based on his/her performance. So also a child’s reading skills, mathematics skills, general knowledge and work habit. Academic performance is defined as how well or bad a child or pupil is able to do in the art of reading and writing. Academic performance of a child can start from his/her nursery life to primary level through secondary level to university level.

Nursery education is the educational group experiences planned for children who have not yet entered primary schools. It is the 1st stage in education given to children between the ages of 2 to 5 years depending on schools requirements. The basis of many learning exercises at this stage are sand , water painting, play, storytelling, nursery rhymes and development of early literacy and numerical skills (survey on WAEC and result errors 2009). In the olden days, children’s education were solely left for parents to determine and cater for. But in recent times, both parents and government have their parts to play in the educational life of a child. The parents start the education of a child from home, immediately the child is born. They tend to equip the child with necessary norms and values of life, language, good habit, etc.

Primary education is meant to lay a sound basis for scientific and reflective thinking in a child. It gives the child opportunities for developing manipulative skills that will enable the child function effectively in the society within the limits of the child’s capacity. Among all, primary education targets at moulding the child’s character, develop sound attitude and morals in him/her. Primary education helps a child to acquire citizenship education that will help him/her to participate effectively in the life of the society. It also helps a child to have a base from which he/she can further his/her education.

Considering the explanations above, the writer would want to reframe the topic to read, the change brought about by early childhood education on the reading and writing skills or abilities of a child in primary school. It is against this background that this study is undertaken to determine the role nursery education plays in the academic performance of a child in primary schools (particularly in Enugu East L.G.A.).

1.2      STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Nursery education as an important component of the educational system plays a significant role in the determination of a child’s academic performance in primary school. Nursery education is expected to equip a child with the necessary norms and values of life, but it is faced with these challenges. Nursery education should have the capacity of placing a child on a good academic plane before his/her primary level. It is indeed the pivot around which every academic activity revolves.

The argument that female children seem to be brighter in academics looks real but critical analysis reveals that boys tend to outwit the girls later in their academic lives. This could be attributed to some natural and physical factors such as: problems of early childhood growth and development, varying strength, effect of rural and urban areas.

1.3      PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The specific objectives of this study are:

1. To determine the role of nursery education on the academic performance of pupils in primary schools in Enugu East.
2. To indicate that nursery education equips pupils enough to perform better in primary school.
3. To establish that pupils in rural area do not perform equally well as their counterparts in urban areas who attended purpose nursery schools.

1.4      LIMITATION  AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This work was completed from the year 2000 to 2008.

In the course of carrying out this work, some problems were encountered. The main problem was human.

Often, visits to the schools to administer questionnaire on teachers and headmasters/headmistresses were abortive as some were not readily available. Most often the researcher had to waste many more hours waiting for them to come to school. When administered, retrieval of the completed questionnaires becomes a problem due to the absence of the teachers when the researcher called.

Another problem was the financial constraint involved in the frequents visits to schools to administer and retrieve the questionnaires.

Despite these problems, the researcher was able to carry out the work to its logical conclusion.

1.5      SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings of this study would be significant in the following ways:

1. If effectively carried out, it would inevitably contribute to improving the academic life of pupils in Enugu East, Enugu State and Nigeria at large.
2. It shall reveal the role of nursery education in the life of primary school pupils in Enugu East.
3. It will show the extent to which the nursery education has contributed to the development of pupils interest in education.

It will assist the national policy makers in planning for this cadre of education.

1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What is the role of nursery education in academic achievement of pupils in primary schools?
2. Does Nursery school education equip pupils well enough to perform better in primary school?
3. Do pupils in rural areas perform equally well as their counterparts in urban areas who attended Nursery schools?

1.7 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

To aid the completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher

H₀: Most children who attended Nursery schools does not perform better in primary school than those who did not

H₁: Most children who attended Nursery schools perform better in primary school than those who did not

H₀²: pupils in rural area do not perform better than their counterparts in urban areas who attended purpose nursery schools

H₂: pupils in rural area perform better than their counterparts in urban areas who attended purpose nursery schools

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Education

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.

Nursery education

A preschool, also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, playschool or kindergarten, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin compulsory education at primary school

Academic performance

Academic achievement or (academic) performance is the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their short or long-term educational goals.

ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK

For the purpose of easy understanding, this research is categorized into five chapters.

Chapter one, which is essentially introductory includes background, statement, objectives, hypothesis, significance, scope/limitations of the study, organization of the work and finally, definition of terms.

Chapter two, comprises of literature review. This involves reviewing what other authors have said about the subject matter performances and influence in the economy.

Chapter three, will cover the research method and procedure, population and sample, source of data collection, method of data collection, description of instrument used, returned questionnaire and finally on that not method of data analysis.

Chapter four, in every research data presentation and analysis are very important if hypothesis are to be tested. This is very critical chapter because its observation and findings will prove or disapprove hypothesis.

Finally, chapter five is devoted towards conclusion and recommendations, whereby conclusion will be generated on whether the hypothesis is true or false, accepted or null it will also suggests solution to the problem earlier stated based on its findings.

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